General

Stephanie Hanes and Scott Baldauf, "Southern Africa Moves Past Liberation Heroes," Christian Science Monitor, November 21, 2007.

Angola

"Holden Roberto Dies At 84; Fought To Free Angola From Portuguese Rule," New York Times, August 4, 2007.

  Sarah Grainger, "War-Scarred Angola Seeks A Future," BBC News, April 4, 2006.

  Justin Pearce, "Angola's Slow Journey Out Of Strife," BBC News, November 11, 2005.

"Thirty Years: What Angolans Say," BBC News, November 11, 2005.

Rachel L. Swarns, "War-Weary Angola Meets New Challenge: Peace," New York Times, April 28, 2002.

James Brooke, "Cubans Leaving Angola Look Back In Fondness," New York Times, January 9, 1989.

Botswana

  Kim Yi Dionne, "How Democratic Is Botswana After 50 Years Of Independence?," Washington Post, September 30, 2016.

  Hamilton Wende, "Botswana, From Dusty Bowl To Sparkling Success Story," BBC News, September 6, 2016.

Burundi

Jeffrey Gettleman, "After 15 Years, Hints Of Peace In Burundi," New York Times, June 16, 2008.

Rita Radostitz, "Burundi: History And Tragedy," Austin Chronicle, May 13, 2005.

Malawi

  Aubrey Sumbuleta, "New Tomb For Malawi's Banda," BBC News, May 13, 2005.

Donald G. McNeil, Jr., "Kamuzu Banda Dies; 'Big Man' Among Anticolonialists," New York Times, November 27, 1997.

Mozambique

  "Samora Machel's Legacy Lives On," Corridor Gazette, October 20, 2016.

  "South Africa Order New Probe Into Samora Machel Crash," BBC News, December 12, 2012.

  Barnaby Phillips, "Mozambique's Decade Of Peace," BBC, From Our Correspondent, October 5, 2002.

Namibia

  David Olusaga, "Dear Pope Francis, Namibia Was The 20th Century's First Genocide," Guardian, April 18, 2015.

Tanzania

"Julius Nyerere: Undeterred African Leader," DW, January 10, 2018.

"Julius Nyerere," Guardian, October 15, 1999.

  "Julius Nyerere: The Conscience Of Africa," BBC News, October 14, 1999.

Zambia

  "Kenneth Kaunda: A Life In Power," BBC News, June 26, 2006.

"1964: President Kaunda Takes Power In Zambia," 25 October, On This Day, BBC.