Averil Cameron, "Ravenna: Capital Of Empire, Crucible Of Europe," History Today, 70 (September 2020): 94-97.

Caroline Alexander, "A Pilgrim's Search for Relics of the Once and Future King," Smithsonian (February 1996).

Patricia Bernstein, "Terror in A.D. 1000?," Smithsonian (July 1999).

Marcus Bull, "The Pilgrimage Origins of the First Crusade," History Today (March 1997).

Robert Irwin, "Muslim Responses to the Crusades," History Today (April 1997).

Jonathan Phillips, "Who Were the First Crusaders?," History Today (March 1997).

Simon Winchester, "The Long, Sweet Road to Santiago de Compostela: Seeking the Tomb of Spain's Patron Saint, Pilgrims Are Overwhelmed By Kindliness and the Beauties of A Splendid Countryside," Smithsonian (February 1994).